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Appropriately, the unit of measure for resistance is ohms. Conversely, as the resistance is increased, the current will decrease. Using this formula it is easy to see that as the total resistance (R) is decreased (assuming voltage is constant) the current (I) will increase. Voltage (V) Current (I) = - Resistance (R) Voltage (V) = Current (I) X Resistance (R)
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Probably the simplest formula to be learned when working with electricity is Ohms Law. The absolute validity of the analogy as stated is affected by other circuit factors, but the analogy is close enough for our use. As we increase the resistance, the voltage differential across the resistance increases until at the maximum value of the resistor (representing an open circuit) there is essentially no current flow through the resistor and the voltage at the resistor is the same as at the voltage source. Similarly, let's assume we have a resistor that we can adjust to a very large value. As the valve is progressively closed, the pressure differential across the valve increases until, with the valve fully closed and no waterflow, the pressure differential across the valve is the same as the pressure at the source. The voltage differential across the resistor at any point in time is termed the 'voltage drop'. Similarly, as we decrease the resistance of a variable resistor (open the valve) the voltage differential across the resistor decreases until, as we reach the end of the resistance (where we have essentially a short circuit) there is no appreciable voltage differential across the resistor. As we progressively open the water valve the water flow increases and the pressure differential across the valve decreases until there is no significant pressure difference between each side of the valve when the water valve is fully open. The water pressure in the water line is analogous to voltage in the electrical circuit. Similarly, if we have an adjustable resistance in an electrical circuit, we can effectively reduce or increase current flow in the circuit by increasing or decreasing the circuit resistance. As you know, we can reduce or increase water flow through the line by partially closing or opening the valve.
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Assume that we have a single adjustable valve in a water line connected to a source of water at some pressure.
#RESISTOR COLOR CODE SAYING SERIES#
The function of a resistor or resistance can be simply explained by using an analogy between a variable resistor in a series circuit, with additional fixed resistors, and a valve in a waterline. Resistors are devices manufactured specifically to provide a fixed or variable resistance to fit a particular electrical circuit application. If sufficient interest is shown for this approach, additional components will be covered in future ITG issues. This ITG covers theory, application, and testing of the resistor and some of the design considerations that should be made when using resistors. This ITG has been written to familiarize the Investigator with one of the electronic components commonly used in medical devices. ITG SUBJECT: ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS - RESISTORS